Vitamin B5, or pantothenic acid, is a vital, water-soluble B vitamin essential for converting food into energy,<br> creating coenzyme A (CoA) for fat/protein metabolism, and synthesizing hormones and neurotransmitters<br>. Found in nearly all foods (meat, eggs, whole grains, veggies), its deficiency is rare,<br> but it supports skin, nerve function, and red blood cell production, with supplements often used for energy or skin/hair health.  <br>
Key Functions<br>
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    Energy Production: Helps break down fats, carbs, and proteins into usable energy (ATP). <br>

Coenzyme A (CoA) Synthesis: A precursor to CoA, vital for building/breaking down fatty acids, steroids, and other compounds.<br> 
Hormone & Neurotransmitter Production: Aids in making sex/stress hormones and brain chemicals like acetylcholine.<br> 
Cellular Health: Supports nervous system, liver, skin, hair, eyes, and red blood cell formation.<br> 
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Sources<br>
<br><br>
    Ubiquitous: Found in almost every food, hence "pantothenic" (from everywhere). <br>

Rich Sources: Meats, eggs, organ meats, whole grains, legumes, broccoli, avocado, sweet potatoes, dairy.<br>
Deficiency & Supplementation<br>

    Deficiency: Very rare due to its abundance; can cause fatigue, headaches, and numbness. <br>

Supplementation: Often used in high doses for potential acne, energy, or stress, with forms like calcium pantothenate. <br>
Forms: Dexpanthenol (topical for skin), pantethine (lipid management).<br> 

Safety<br>
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    Water-Soluble: Excess is generally excreted by the kidneys, making toxicity unlikely, though high doses can cause mild gastric upset. <br>